Referentielijst

Adam E (2020)
Adam E. A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Oral Baclofen in the Management of Hiccups in Adult Palliative Care Patients. J Pain Pall Care Pharmacother. 2020;34(1):43-54.

Aravot DJ (1989)
Aravot DJ, Wright G, Rees A, Maiwand OM, Garland MH. Non-invasive phrenic nerve stimulation for intractable hiccups. Lancet. 1989 Oct 28;2(8670):1047

Arsanious D (2016)
Arsanious D, Khoury S, Martinez E, Nawras A, Filatoff G, Ajabnoor H, Darr U, Atallah J. Ultrasound-Guided Phrenic Nerve Block for Intractable Hiccups following Placement of Esophageal Stent for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pain Physician. 2016 May;19(4):E653-6.

Babacan A (1998)
Babacan A, Oztürk E, Kaya K. Relief of chronic refractory hiccups with glossopharyngeal nerve block. Anesth Analg. 1998 Oct;87(4):980.

Bao F (2003)
Bao F, Liang Z, Wang F. Clinical observation on treatment of stubborn hiccup by acupuncture with different needle retaining time. World Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2003;13(2):50-4.

Baraka A (1970)
Baraka A. Inhibition of hiccup by pulmonary inflation. Anesthesiology. 1970 Mar;32(3):271-3.

BC Centre for Palliative Care (2017)
BC Centre for Palliative Care. Inter-professional palliative care symptom guidelines. Hiccough. 2017. Beschikbaar op: http://www.bc-cpc.ca/cpc/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/14.-SMG-Clinical-Best-Practices-print-BW-hiccoughs.pdf.

Bertini P (2012)
Bertini P, Frediani M, Roncucci P. Ultrasound guided phrenic nerve block in the treatment of persistent hiccups (singultus) in the neurosurgical critical patient. Minerva Anestesiol. 2012 Jul;78(7):856-7. Epub 2012 Feb 6.

Boz C (2001)
Boz C, Velioglu S, Bulbul I, Ozemnoglu. Baclofen is effective in intractable hiccups induced by brainstem lesions. Neurol Sci 2001;22:409.

Cabane J (2010)
Cabane J, Bizec JL, Derenne JP. Le hoquet chronique est souvent une maladie oesophagienne. Une étude prospective de 184 cas [A diseased esophagus is frequently the cause of chronic hiccup. A prospective study of 184 cases]. Presse Med. 2010 Jun;39(6):e141-6.

Calsina-Berna A (2012)
Calsina-Berna A, García-Gómez G, González-Barboteo J, Porta-Sales J. Treatment of chronic hiccups in cancer patients: a systematic review. J Palliat Med. 2012 Oct;15(10):1142-50.

Calvo E (2002)
Calvo E, Fernández-La Torre F, Brugarolas A. Cervical phrenic nerve block for intractable hiccups in cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Aug 7;94(15):1175-6.

Cersosimo RJ (1998)
Cersosimo RJ, Brophy MT. Hiccups with High Dose Dexamethasone Administration. Cancer 1998;82:412-4.

Chang FY (2012)
Chang FY, Lu CL. Hiccup: mystery, nature and treatment. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2012 Apr;18(2):123-30.

Chen HS (2006)
Chen HS, Liu B. Clinical observation of acupuncture therapy on hiccuping in liver cancer. Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2006;22:18-9.

Chen SY (2007)
Chen SY, Chen QH, Huang LQ. Effect of electroacupuncture treatment on zusanli(st36) for intractable hiccups with malignant tumors of 24 cases. Journal of Qilu Nursing 2007;13:43-4.

Cheon S (2014)
Cheon S, Zhang X, Lee IS, Cho SH, Chae Y, Lee H. Pharmacopuncture for cancer care: a systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:804746. Epub 2014 May 12.

Choi TY (2012)
Choi TY, Lee MS, Ernst E. Acupuncture for cancer patients suffering from hiccups: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med. 2012;20(6):447-55.

Cymet TC (2002)
Cymet TC. Retrospective analysis of hiccups in patients at a community hospital from 1995-2000. J Natl Med Assoc. 2002 Jun;94(6):480-3.

Davignon A (1955)
Davignon A, Lemieus G, Genest J. Le chlorpromazine dans le traitement du hoquet rebelle [Chlorpromazine in the treatment of stubborn hiccup]. Union Med Can. 1955 Mar;84(3):282-4.

De Ruysscher D (1996)
De Ruysscher D, Spaas P, Specenier P. Treatment of intractable hiccup in a terminal cancer patient with nebulized saline. Palliat Med. 1996 Apr;10(2):166-7.

Dobelle WH (1999)
Dobelle WH. Use of breathing pacemakers to suppress intractable hiccups of up to thirteen years duration. ASAIO J. 1999 Nov-Dec;45(6):524-5.

Dore MP (2007)
Dore MP, Pedroni A, Pes GM, Maragkoudakis E, Tadeu V, Pirina P, Realdi G, Delitala G, Malaty HM. Effect of antisecretory therapy on atypical symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dig Dis Sci. 2007 Feb;52(2):463-8.

Engleman EG (1971)
Engleman EG, Lankton J, Lankton B. Granulated sugar as treatment for hiccups in conscious patients. N Engl J Med. 1971 Dec 23;285(26):1489.

Fesmire FM (1988)
Fesmire FM. Termination of intractable hiccups with digital rectal massage. Ann Emerg Med. 1988 Aug;17(8):872.

Friedgood CE (1955)
Friedgood CE, Ripstein CB. Chlorpromazine (thorazine) in the treatment of intractable hiccups. J Am Med Assoc. 1955 Jan 22;157(4):309-10.

Friedman NL (1996)
Friedman NL. Hiccups: a treatment review. Pharmacotherapy. 1996 Nov-Dec;16(6):986-95.

Gallacher BP (1997)
Gallacher BP, Martin L. Treatment of refractory hiccups with glossopharyngeal nerve block. Anesth Analg. 1997 Jan;84(1):229.

George J (1996)
George J, Thomas K, Jeyaseelan L, Peter JV, Cherian AM. Hyponatraemia and hiccups. Natl Med J India. 1996 May-Jun;9(3):107-9.

Goldsmith S (1983)
Goldsmith S. A treatment for hiccups. JAMA. 1983 Mar 25;249(12):1566.

Gonella S (2015)
Gonella S, Gonella F. Use of vinegar to relieve persistent hiccups in an advanced cancer patient. J Palliat Med. 2015 May;18(5):467-70.

Grewal SS (2018)
Grewal SS, Adams AC, Van Gompel JJ. Vagal nerve stimulation for intractable hiccups is not a panacea: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Neurosci. 2018 Dec;128(12):1114-1117.

Guelaud C (1995)
Guelaud C, Similowski T, Bizec JL, Cabane J, Whitelaw WA, Derenne JP. Baclofen therapy for chronic hiccup. Eur Respir J. 1995 Feb;8(2):235-7.

Han HJ (2006)
Han HJ. Clinical observation to 40 cases of refractory hiccup treated by point injection. Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine 2006;28:935.

Hendrix K (2019)
Hendrix K, Wilson D, Kievman MJ, Jatoi A. Perspectives on the Medical, Quality of Life, and Economic Consequences of Hiccups. Curr Oncol Rep. 2019 Dec 19;21(12):113.

Herman JH (1981)
Herman JH, Nolan DS. A bitter cure. N Engl J Med. 1981 Dec 31;305(27):1654.

Hernández JL (1999)
Hernández JL, Fernández-Miera MF, Sampedro I, et al. Nimodipine treatment for intractable hiccups. Am J Med 1999;106:600.

Hongliang X (2006)
Hongliang X, Xuemei C, Shizhao H, Chaofeng L. Acupuncture and cupping for treatment of hiccup in cases of cerebrovascular accident. J Tradit Chin Med. 2006;26(3):175-6.

Hu XY (2015)
Hu XY, Trevelyan E, Chai QY, Wang CC, Fei YT, Liu JP, et al. Effectiveness and safety of using acupoint Shui Gou (GV 26): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Acupuncture and Related Therapies. 2015;3(1):1-10.

IKNL (2011)
IKNL. Handreiking ‘Palliatieve zorg aan mensen met een niet-westerse achtergrond’. 2011. Beschikbaar op: https://www.pallialine.nl/index.php?pagina=/richtlijn/item/pagina.php&id=34562&richtlijn_id=824 [Bezocht op 3 mei 2021].

IKNL (2014)
IKNL. Richtlijn ‘Misselijkheid en braken in de palliatieve fase’. 2014. Beschikbaar op: https://www.pallialine.nl/misselijkheid-en-braken [Bezocht op 11 november 2021].

IKNL/Palliactief (2017)
IKNL/Palliactief. Kwaliteitskader palliatieve zorg Nederland. 2017. Beschikbaar op: https://palliaweb.nl/publicaties/kwaliteitskader-palliatieve-zorg-nederland-public [Bezocht op 3 mei 2021].

Ives TJ (1985)
Ives TJ, Fleming MF, Weart CW, Bloch B. Treatment of intractable hiccups with intramuscular haloperidol. Am J Psychiatry 1985;142:1368–9.

Jacobson PL (1981)
Jacobson PL, Messenheimer JA, Farmer TW. Treatment of intractable hiccups with valproic acid. Neurology 1981;31:1458-60.

Jeon YS (2018)
Jeon YS, Kearney AM, Baker PG. Management of hiccups in palliative care patients. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2018 Mar;8(1):1-6.

Jiang Feizhou (2002)
Jiang Feizhou. Stubborn hiccup treated with thumb-tack needles and needle-embedding on otopoint. Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2002;18(2).

Jiang HX (2010)
Jiang HX. Clinical research of Jiaji electroacupuncture for post-stroke patients with intractable hiccups [Master thesis]. Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, 2010 (in Chinese).

Jones JS (1987)
Jones JS, Lloyd T, Cannon L. Persistent hiccups as an unusual manifestation of hyponatremia. J Emerg Med. 1987 Jul-Aug;5(4):283-7.

Kako J (2017)
Kako J, Kobayashi M, Kanno Y, Tagami K. Intranasal Vinegar as an Effective Treatment for Persistent Hiccups in a Patient With Advanced Cancer Undergoing Palliative Care. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2017 Aug;54(2):e2-e4.

Kako J (2020)
Kako J, Kajiwara K, Kobayashi M. Traditional Influences Within Studies of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Hiccups in Adults: A Systematic Review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2020 Oct;60(4):e34-e37.

Kang KN (2010)
Kang KN, Park IK, Suh JH, Leem JG, Shin JW. Ultrasound-guided Pulsed Radiofrequency Lesioning of the Phrenic Nerve in a Patient with Intractable Hiccup. Korean J Pain. 2010 Sep;23(3):198-201.

Kang SS (2009)
Kang SS, Jang JS, Park JH, Hong SJ, Shin KM, Yun YJ. Unilateral phrenic nerve block guided by ultrasonography and nerve stimulator for the treatment of hiccup developed after tongue cancer operation: A case report. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2009 Feb;56(2):208-210.

Kim JE (2018)
Kim JE, Lee MK, Lee DK, Choi SS, Park JS. Continuous cervical epidural block: Treatment for intractable hiccups. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Feb;97(6):e9444.

Kim JJ (2013)
Kim JJ, Sa YJ, Cho DG, Kim YD, Kim CK, Moon SW. Intractable hiccup accompanying pleural effusion: reversible clipping of an intrathoracic phrenic nerve. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2013 Jun;23(3):357-9.

Kohse EK (2017)
Kohse EK, Hollmann MW, Bardenheuer HJ, Kessler J. Chronic Hiccups: An Underestimated Problem. Anesth Analg. 2017 Oct;125(4):1169-1183.

Kranke P (2018)
Kranke P, Jelting Y. BMJ Best Practice: Hiccup. 2018. Beschikbaar op: https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/1040. [Bezocht op 30 mei 2021].

Kuusniemi K (2011)
Kuusniemi K, Pyylampi V. Phrenic nerve block with ultrasound-guidance for treatment of hiccups: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2011 Oct 3;5:493.

Launois S (1993)
Launois S, Bizec JL, Whitelaw WA, Cabane J, Derenne JP. Hiccup in adults: an overview. Eur Respir J. 1993 Apr;6(4):563-75.

Lee AR (2018)
Lee AR, Cho YW, Lee JM, Shin YJ, Han IS, Lee HK. Treatment of persistent postoperative hiccups with stellate ganglion block: Three case reports. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Nov;97(48):e13370.

Lee C (2017)
Lee C, Tong LP. Termination of Persistent Hiccups by Digital Rectal Massage. J Emerg Med. 2017 Feb;52(2):e55.

Lee GW (2016)
Lee GW, Kim RB, Go SI, Cho HS, Lee SJ, Hui D, Bruera E, Kang JH. Gender Differences in Hiccup Patients: Analysis of Published Case Reports and Case-Control Studies. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2016 Feb;51(2):278-83.

Lewis JH (1985)
Lewis JH. Hiccups: causes and cures. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1985 Dec;7(6):539-52.

Lipps DC (1990)
Lipps DC, Jabbari B, Mitchell MH, Daigh JD Jr. Nifedipine for intractable hiccups. Neurology 1990 Mar;40(3 Pt 1):531-2.

Liu XM (2007)
Liu XM, Wu LX, Huang ZF. Acupuncture treatment for intractable hiccup in patients with cancer of 32 cases. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2007;34:214-5.

Longatti P (2010)
Longatti P, Basaldella L, Moro M, Ciccarino P, Franzini A. Refractory central supratentorial hiccup partially relieved with vagus nerve stimulation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010 Jul;81(7):821-2.

Luo M (2007)
Luo M, Sun BD, Wu SB. Acupuncture for 70 cases of hiccup after operation of primary liver cancer. World Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2007;17:52-4.

Madanagopolan N (1975)
Madanagopolan N. Metoclopramide in hiccup. Curr Med Res Opin 1975;3:371-4.

Maréchal R (2003)
Maréchal R, Berghmans T, Sculier P. Successful treatment of intractable hiccup with methylphenidate in a lung cancer patient. Support Care Cancer 2003;11(2):126-8.

McFarling DA (1979)
McFarling DA, Susac JO. Hoquet diabolique: intractable hiccups as a manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1979; 29: 797–801.

Michálek P (2002)
Michálek P, Kautznerová D. Combined use of ultrasonography and neurostimulation for therapeutic phrenic nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2002 May-Jun;27(3):306-8.

Mirijello A (2013)
Mirijello A, Addolorato G, D'Angelo C, Ferrulli A, Vassallo G, Antonelli M, Leggio L, Landolfi R. Baclofen in the treatment of persistent hiccup: a case series. Int J Clin Pract. 2013 Sep;67(9):918-21.

Moretto EN (2013)
Moretto EN, Wee B, Wiffen PJ, Murchison AG. Interventions for treating persistent and intractable hiccups in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(1):CD008768.

Moro C (2005)
Moro C, Sironi P, Berardi E, Beretta G, Labianca R. Midazolam for long-term treatment of intractable hiccup. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2005 Mar;29(3):221-3.

Moses JA (1970)
Moses JA, Ramachandran KP, Surendran D. Treatment of hiccups with instillation of ether into nasal cavity. Anesth Analg. 1970 May-Jun;49(3):367-8.

Nasiri AA (2019)
Nasiri AA, Afsargharehbagh R, Sane S, Neisari R, Shargh A. Treatment of intractable hiccups using phrenic nerve block. J Clin Anesth. 2019 Nov;57:7-8.

Nausheen F (2016)
Nausheen F, Mohsin H, Lakhan SE. Neurotransmitters in hiccups. Springerplus. 2016 Aug 17;5(1):1357.

Odeh M (1990)
Odeh M, Bassan H, Oliven A. Termination of intractable hiccups with digital rectal massage. J Intern Med. 1990 Feb;227(2):145-6.
 
Odeh M (1993)
Odeh M, Oliven A. Hiccups and digital rectal massage. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993 Dec;119(12):1383.

Okuda Y (1998)
Okuda Y, Kitajima T, Asai T. Use of a nerve stimulator for phrenic nerve block in treatment of hiccups. Anesthesiology. 1998 Feb;88(2):525-7.

Okuda Y (2008)
Okuda Y, Kamishima K, Arai T, Asai T. Combined use of ultrasound and nerve stimulation for phrenic nerve block. Can J Anaesth. 2008 Mar;55(3):195-6.

Payne BR (2005)
Payne BR, Tiel RL, Payne MS, Fisch B. Vagus nerve stimulation for chronic intractable hiccups. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2005 May;102(5):935-7

Peleg R (2000)
Peleg R, Peleg A. Case report: sexual intercourse as potential treatment for intractable hiccups. Can Fam Physician. 2000 Aug;46:1631-2.

Pharos (2017)
Pharos. Lessen uit gesprekken over leven en dood. 2017. Beschikbaar op: https://www.pharos.nl/kennisbank/lessen-uit-gesprekken-over-leven-en-dood/ [Bezocht op 3 mei 2021].

Pittman TD (2017)
Pittman TD, DiStephano A, Chow R, Samet R. Ultrasound-guided Phrenic Nerve Block for Intractable Hiccups in Patients with Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Case Report. J Palliat Care Med 2017: 7: 3.

Polito NB (2017)
Polito NB, Fellows SE. Pharmacologic Interventions for Intractable and Persistent Hiccups: A Systematic Review. J Emerg Med. 2017;53(4):540-549.

Pooran N (2006)
Pooran N, Lee D, Sideridis K. Protracted hiccups due to severe erosive esophagitis: a case series. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar;40(3):183-5.

Porzo G (2010)
Porzo G, Aielli F, Verna L et al. Gabapentin in the Treatment of Hiccups in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A 5-Year Experience. Clin Neuropharmacol 2010;33(4):179-80.

Ramirez FC (1992)
Ramirez FC, Graham DY. Treatment of intractable hiccup with baclofen: results of a double-blind randomized, controlled, cross-over study. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992;87(12):1789-91.

Ravindran RS (1981)
Ravindran RS. A simple technique to stop hiccups during endotracheal anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1981 Feb;60(2):121.

Renes SH (2010)
Renes SH, van Geffen GJ, Rettig HC, Gielen MJ, Scheffer GJ. Ultrasound-guided continuous phrenic nerve block for persistent hiccups. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2010 Sep-Oct;35(5):455-7.

Rey E (2006)
Rey E, Elola-Olaso CM, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Locke GR 3rd, Díaz-Rubio M. Prevalence of atypical symptoms and their association with typical symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux in Spain. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Sep;18(9):969-75.

Rouse S (2018)
Rouse S, Wodziak M. Intractable Hiccups. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2018 Jun 22;18(8):51.

Sa YJ (2015)
Sa YJ, Song DH, Kim JJ, Kim YD, Kim CK, Moon SW. Recurrent intractable hiccups treated by cervical phrenic nerve block under electromyography: report of a case. Surg Today. 2015 Nov;45(11):1446-9.

Saitto C (1982)
Saitto C, Gristina G, Cosmi EV. Treatment of hiccups by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in anesthetized subjects. Anesthesiology.1982 Oct;57(4):345.

Salem MR (1967)
Salem MR, Baraka A, Rattenborg CC, Holaday DA. Treatment of hiccups by pharyngeal stimulation in anesthetized and conscious subjects. JAMA. 1967 Oct 2;202(1):126-30.

Salem MR (1968)
Salem MR. Hiccups and pharyngeal stimulation. JAMA. 1968 May 6;204(6):551.

Sato S (1993)
Sato S, Asakura N, Endo T, Naito H. Cervical epidural block can relieve postoperative intractable hiccups. Anesthesiology. 1993 Jun;78(6):1184-6.

Schulz-Stübner S (2011)
Schulz-Stübner S, Kehl F. Treatment of persistent hiccups with transcutaneous phrenic and vagal nerve stimulation. Intensive Care Med. 2011 Jun;37(6):1048-9.

Seker MM (2012)
Seker MM, Özdemir NY, Cilek B et al. Successful treatment of chronic hiccup with baclofen in cancer patients. Med Oncol 2012;29:1369-1370.

Steger M (2015)
Steger M, Schneemann M, Fox M. Systemic review: the pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment of hiccups. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Nov;42(9):1037-50.

Sui H (2009)
Sui H, H. Zhang H. Efficacy of aqua acupuncture treatment for intractable hiccup associated with maligment tumor. Chinese Journal of Misdiagnosis 2009; 9 (30): 7360–7361.

Tariq K (2021)
Tariq K, Das JM, Monaghan S, Miserocchi A, McEvoy A. A case report of Vagus nerve stimulation for intractable hiccups. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2021 Jan;78:219-222.

Thompson DF (2013)
Thompson DF, Brooks KG. Gabapentin therapy of hiccups. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Jun;47(6):897-903.

Tian H (2013)
Tian H. Clinical efficacy of acupuncture GV26 as the main point for intractable hiccups in 48 cases. China Med Eng 2013;21(1):45

Wang B (2011)
Wang B. 80 cases of intractable hiccup treated by acupuncture. Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2011;31(2):181-2.

Wang F (2004)
Wang F, Gao Q-Q. Treatment of intractable hiccup with acupuncture in 56 cancer patients. J acu tuina sci. 2004; 2(5):28-9.

Wang T (2014)
Wang T, Wang D. Metoclopramide for patients with intractable hiccups: a multicentre, randomised, controlled pilot study. Intern Med J. 2014;44(12a):1205-9.

Wang XP (2006)
Wang XP, Liu YM, Hao Y. Acupuncture treatment of intractable hiccup after chemotherapy of 35 cases. Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion 2006;22:20.

Wei Q (2014)
Wei Q, Gao Y. 30 Cases of post-stroke hiccup treated with acupuncture and medicine. J Zhejiang Chin Med Univ 2014;38:82–3 (in Chinese).

Wilcock A (1996)
Wilcock A, Twycross R. Midazolam for intractable hiccup. J Pain Symptom Manage 1996;12:59-61.

Wilcox KS (2009)
Wilcox KS, Garry A, Johnson MJ. Novel Use of Amantadine: To Treat Hiccups. J Pain Symptom Manage 2009;38:460-465.

Wu X (2015)
Wu X, Chung VC, Hui EP, Ziea ET, Ng BF, Ho RS, et al. Effectiveness of acupuncture and related therapies for palliative care of cancer: overview of systematic reviews. Sci. 2015;5:16776.

Xia H (2000)
Xia H, Ma H, Pang H. Acupoint injection associated with the treatment of intractable hiccup of cancer patients. Chinese Folk Medicine 2000; 8(5)5: 2000.

Yan XR (2012)
Yan XR. Clinical study of Xing Nao Kai Qiao acupuncture method for persistent hiccups after stroke. Guangming J Chin Med 2012;27:97–8 (in Chinese).

Yue J (2017)
Yue J, Liu M, Li J, Wang Y, Hung ES, Tong X, et al. Acupuncture for the treatment of hiccups following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acupunct Med. 2017;35(1):2-8.

Zhang C (2014)
Zhang C, Zhang R, Zhang S, Xu M, Zhang S. Baclofen for stroke patients with persistent hiccups: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Trials. 2014;15:295.

Zhang J-F (2017)
Zhang J-F, Wu Y-C, Fan Y-Z, Li S-S, Huang C-F. Acupuncture combined with herb decoction for intractable hiccup. World journal of acupuncture - moxibustion. 2017; 27(3):63?8.

Zhang XT (2006)
Zhang XT. Clinical observation of acupuncture for persistent hiccup after cerebral infarction with 63 cases. J Sichuan Tradit Chin Med 2006;24:105 (in Chinese).

Zhang Y (2018)
Zhang Y, Duan F, Ma W. Ultrasound-guided phrenic nerve block for intraoperative persistent hiccups: a case report. BMC Anesthesiol. 2018 Sep 5;18(1):123.

Zong F (2009)
Zong F, Zeng XQ, Lin X. Clinical study of acupuncture plus drugs for hiccups after stroke. Shanghai J Acupunct Moxibustion 2009;28:287 (in Chinese).